Acids can have a serious effect on our teeth. It can come from the food we eat or from acid reflux, but either way, the wear on teeth caused by the acid (called erosion) can be significant over time and can lead to shortened, discolored teeth or even tooth loss. Acid destroys the enamel (the white hard outside layer of the teeth) exposing the yellow inner layer of the teeth. Enamel is not only the protective layer for our teeth but enamel is the white part of our teeth which is important for being confident in our smiles. Acid wear can be difficult and costly to fix so prevention is the best way to keep those pearly whites in tip top shape.
Teeth that are damaged by acids can appear notched near the gum. Sometimes the tops of the teeth will have little craters hollowed out. Many times the enamel will appear thinner or more transparent. Teeth can appear discolored or more yellow. Since the initial signs of acid erosion can be difficult to see on yourself, it’s important to have regular dental check-ups.
Many people suffer from acid reflux in varying degrees. Occasional heartburn may be uncomfortable but it is not likely to affect your teeth much. Chronic acid reflux is another story. Even if it is mild, the repeated exposure to acid is harmful to tooth structure. Many people don’t even realize they have acid reflux. Knowing what to look for can help you understand when to seek advice from your dentist or medical doctor. Some signs of acid reflux include a dry cough and or a chronic sore throat. People who snore heavily or suffer from sleep apnea are more prone to have acid reflux as well.
Bulimia is another cause of acid erosion. People who suffer from bulimia exhibit similar erosion patterns as those with acid reflux. Usually, this means the enamel on the tongue side of the teeth and chewing surfaces are affected. Even though this can be a sensitive subject, damage from frequent vomiting can progress quickly so it is best to seek medical advice early.
Not all acid erosion is from the inside. Acidic foods can damage enamel as well. Erosion from food or drinks usually affects the cheek side of the teeth. Citrus fruits and juices are very acidic. So is vinegar. We all know soda should be avoided because of the sugar it contains, but it is also damaging because it is acidic. Even chlorine from swimming pools can damage enamel in the same manner as acids.
So does this mean you have to give up your favorite balsamic vinaigrette? No! As with many things, moderation is key. Also, just being aware of the acidity of the foods you enjoy can be helpful. Combining acidic foods with more basic (less acidic) foods will neutralize the acid. Cheese is an excellent buffer to acidic drinks. Even swishing with water can help reduce the amount of acid on your teeth.
Our teeth are meant to last a lifetime. Damage from acid can be minimized if it’s caught early and the cause identified. Seeing your dentist regularly can help you with that and help keep your smile healthy because, remember, a smile is always in style!